Jaundice is a common condition in newborn babies where they may turn a little yellow. However, in some instances, it may result or indicate a serious problem which is why parents should know about it.
High levels of bilirubin in newborns give them the yellow color
A high level of the substance known as bilirubin, which is yellow, is what gives infants jaundice. Most bilirubin is produced when red blood cells are broken down. The liver processes it to make it easier for the body to excrete it through stool or urine.
However, infants’ livers take some time before they can start eliminating bilirubin. Additionally, there are more red blood cells in newborns there are more red blood cells than in adults and older kids, and the fresh red blood cells don’t persist, provided those produced as babies age. The interaction of the two aspects makes jaundice a widespread condition.
The disorder peaks within 2-5 days of birth and can last up to 1-2 weeks. For breastfeeding babies, it can last longer, and the exact reason behind it is still unknown.
Interestingly jaundice could protect infants since bilirubin is an antioxidant that can help fight infections. Another reason you shouldn’t worry about some yellowness is that it is temporary and might help the baby as she/he leaves the womb.
What causes jaundice, and how can it be prevented
Occasionally jaundice might be a sign of another condition, and when bilirubin levels are high, it could affect the brain even permanently. Conditions that may lead to bilirubin levels being high include ABO or RH incompatibility, inadequate calories or dehydration, systems working on getting rid of bilirubin not being ready, blockage or infection of the intestine, liver disease, and cephalohematoma.
It is vital to assess and prevent jaundice. Bilirubin levels should be checked 24-48 hours after birth, and all possible risks of jaundice, including the mother’s blood, family history, bruising, and gestational age, should be assessed. Also, ensure the blood type and antibodies of the mother are checked.
